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Evolutionary biology
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Darwin's finches by John Gould
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Parallel evolution is the similar development of a trait in distinct species that are not closely related, but share a similar original trait in response to similar evolutionary pressure.^[1]^[2]

^ Parallel evolution, an example may be the Pyrotherians evolved a body plan similar to proboscideans: Online Biology Glossary Archived 2007-07-13 at the Wayback Machine
^ Zhang, J. and Kumar, S. 1997. Detection of convergent and parallel evolution at the amino acid sequence level Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine. Mol. Biol. Evol. 14, 527-36.